Beamforming and User Selection for Movable Antenna Enabled Communications

Abstract

Movable antenna (MA) systems constitute a novel and promising approach in the field of wireless communication design, utilizing positional flexibility within a defined spatial domain to enhance signal quality and network performance. Through the dynamic reconfiguration of antenna locations, MA frameworks achieve substantial improvements in key performance indicators, including signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and coverage robustness, particularly in challenging propagation scenarios. We introduce an alternating optimization framework to jointly address beamforming, user selection, and antenna positioning. The method iteratively 
updates: (i) ZFBF beamforming weights via water-filling power allocation, (ii) near-orthogonal user subsets via SUS, and (iii) antenna positions via SQP under mechanical constraints. Overall, the simulation outcomes indicate that this approach demonstrates notable superiority in terms of beamforming gain and interference mitigation, significantly outperforming conventional systems reliant on fixed-position antennas (FPAs).